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Engineer explores underwater wireless communications

Engineer explores underwater wireless
communications
Underwater sea mines. Photo: Istock/Bruce Johnstone
(PhysOrg.com) -- Milica Stojanovic says the best way to think about the need for better underwater
communications is to consider the Titanic.
After the passenger liner sank in April 1912, its exact whereabouts remained a mystery until 1985, when
the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution’s imaging vehicle finally located the wreckage.
When the robotic vehicle honed in on the craft, its success underscored a greater need for better underwater
communications, especially those that would require no cables. Wireless communications, signal
processing and detection underwater are the areas of specialty for Stojanovic, a newly hired electrical
engineering associate professor at Northeastern.
“When the Titanic sank, people knew approximately where it went down, but it wasn’t until Woods Hole
designed that small robotic vehicle that we knew the truth,” Stojanovic said. “When that robot was sent
down, it was attached to a long cable connecting it to a surface ship. The cables are very expensive and
heavy, and they limit the movement of the robot. There are applications that would greatly benefit from the
ability to communicate underwater without cables.”
Future applications could enhance myriad industries, ranging from the offshore oil industry to aquaculture
to fishing industries, she noted. Additionally, pollution control, climate recording, ocean monitoring (for
prediction of natural disturbances) and detection of objects on the ocean floor are other areas that could
benefit from enhanced underwater communications.
“Oceans cover about 70 percent of the Earth’s surface, and much of this vast resource remains to be
explored,” Stojanovic said. Unlike above-water communications developments, which have brought us
instantaneous cell phone conversations, wireless Internet and myriad other advances, underwater
communications lags behind.
Her research focuses on finding better ways of transmitting acoustical signals in hopes of improving
capacity to the point where underwater robots no longer have to be chained by a heavy, expensive
communications cable, but can instead transmit their readings to other robots, or to shipboard researchers.
“There is a need to improve the wireless communication capacity of underwater robots. Just think about the

Page 1/2
dangers of landmines. We also have underwater mines. We need robots that can find and neutralize the
mines beneath the water” without endangering humans, she said. “These robots need to be able to talk to
each other if they are going to perform their task efficiently.”
Yet, water puts a damper on communication capacity, slowing down the signal propagation and creating
background noise and echoes—all problems she trains her analytical mind toward solving. Among other
research areas, Stojanovic focuses her energies on creating clearer signals through “equalization” to solve
the echo problem.
Further research interests take her into creation of underwater networks. For underwater instruments to
communicate underwater, they must mimic the communication networks on land. Yet, the slow speed at
which signals travel would turn an underwater conversation into garble, she said. “If multiple people talk at
the same time, their signals will collide,” she said. “We need protocols that will orchestrate multiple
conversations.”
Stojanovic, who received her master’s and doctorate degrees in electrical engineering from Northeastern,
began her research focus while working as a postdoctoral fellow at the Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution. She jokes that she “never surfaced” from her earliest underwater communications work.
Growing up in Serbia, she received her undergraduate degree at the University of Belgrade, and also met
her future husband. Together, she and Zoran Zvonar came to Northeastern to study electrical engineering.
Prior to joining the faculty, where her courses include undergraduate communications systems and linear
systems, she was a principal scientist at the MIT Sea Grant College and the MIT Department of
Aeronautics and Astronautics.
She has produced numerous published works, and most recently was a guest editor for “IEEE
Communications Magazine,” for the feature story “Underwater Wireless Communication and Networks,”
2009.
Reflecting on her career in undersea communications, Stojanovic said the passion found her. “I’m not sure
we ever decide what we want to be,” she said. “Things just happen that way.”
Provided by Northeastern University (news : web)
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, no part
may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

Smart Home Testbed for Disabled People

ABSTRACT: Due to advances in technology, particularly wireless technology, the “Home of the Future” is now not
only a possibility but a reality. Smart home technology is a collective term for information- and communication
technology (ICT) as used in houses, where the various Multi-Agent Systems are communicating via a local network.
The technology can be used to monitor, warn and carry out functions according to selected criteria by the disabled
people. Smart home technology also makes the automatic communication with the surroundings possible, via the
Internet, ordinary fixed telephones or mobile phones.
This paper will take an in-depth look at smart homes. By doing this, we will define the term smart home, define the
logical reasons for using a smart home, explain the technologies that control a smart home, and explain the
applic ations used within a smart home.
Keywords—Smart Home, Elderly and Disabled Users, Social Issues, Assistive Technology.
WHAT IS SMART HOME?
mart home environments are an interesting development
and research application problem using Multi-Agent
Systems (MAS) for disabled people. A multi-agent system
(MAS) is a system composed of several software agents,
collectively capable of reaching goals that are difficult to
achieve by an individual agent or monolithic system. In the
Smart Home project we have designed a set of distributed
autonomous home control agents and planned to deploy
them in a simulated home environment.
IMPAIRMENTS COVERED BY SMART HOME
TECHNOLOGY
Smart home technology covers five basic impairments—
visual, hearing, mobility, cognitive, and normal aging.
Those who are visually impaired have devices in their
smart home that are voice activated, and those who are
hearing impaired have systems that alert them visually with
a touch screen. Mobility impairments cover not only those
who are in wheelchairs or use mobile assistance, but also
people who suffer from arthritis. In this case, devices which
are networked in the home can be controlled without
actually having to touch a button. Another way in which
smart home technology can assist those who are mobility
impaired is through the use of handheld PCs. In this case,
handheld personal computers can activate technology from
anywhere in the house. The PC then is networked to other
devices which it can control.
In this paper, we presented five major converging
applications in smart home like,
· Human-Machine interface,
· Door entry system,
· Environmental Control Systems,
· Rest Room & Lift Control.
Human-Machine Interface
A communication support interface controlled by eye
movements and voluntary eye blink has been developed for
disabled individuals with motor paralysis who cannot
speak. Horizontal and vertical electro-oculograms (EOG)
were measured using two surface electrodes attached above
and beside the dominant eye and referring to an earlobe
electrode and amplified with AC-coupling in order to
reduce the unnecessary drift. Four directional cursor
movements—up, down, right, and left—and one selected
operation were realized by logically combining the two
detected channel signals based on threshold settings
specific to the individual. Letter input experiments were
conducted on a virtual screen keyboard. As a result,
operatablility, accuracy, and processing speed were
improved using this method.
Door Entry Systems
The entrance to the smart home is a motorized door with an
electronic lock and a fingerprint scanner. Approved users
can open the door by placing their thumb on the scanner. A
welcoming message will sound from the speaker above the
door and the door will open. On the inside, a control panel
can be used to control the lights in the apartment. When
coming home, all lights can be turned on with a single key
press. Likewise when leaving the home there are no worries
about forgetting something when all lights can be turned
off at once.
In addition to buttons and control from the computer we
utilize speech control, a more natural way of controlling the
S
106 Mobile and Pervasive Computing (CoMPC–2008)
home. With a small, wireless handheld microphone the user
can talk to the computer and use appropriate commands to
control the devices in the apartment. After a command is
given, the computer will respond either by performing an
action or by giving vocal feedback from the several
speakers installed in the ceiling. The microphone has a
built-in locationing device, and the sound will follow the
user into whatever room he is using the microphone in. The
sound commands can be used to control lights, A/V
equipment and curtains and to ask temperatures, date, time,
location, etc.
Fig. 1: Speech Control
Environmental Control Systems
The different devices and sensors in the home are
connected to each other and the controlling PC with wired
serial links or wireless RF. The link is rather simple and
low cost; there is no need of broadband or complex data
transfer technologies.
Fig. 2: Windows and Curtain Control
In this paper, we make a division between smart home
technology, conventional installations and environmental
control systems, even if environmental control systems
strictly speaking are conventional installation. Environmental
control systems are most often operated by a remote
control, often through one command from the user resulting
in one response from the system. Environmental control
systems can be used without attaching to smart home
technology. If a network or a data bus is installed, the
integration of the two systems should be considered.
Conventional installations and environmental control
systems cannot monitor incidents in the house or effectuate
automatic actions, as the integrated smart home technology
can.
Rest Room and Lift Control
Using the rest room is part of everyone's daily routine, and
people usually do not think too much about it until their
routine is disturbed because they cannot see, move, hear,
understand or act as they are used to or would like to. This
can be caused by illness, an accident or, in most cases, by
simply getting older. Here we are aimed to develop a
prototype model for user-friendly rest room mainly for
elderly and persons with limited abilities, allowing them to
regain greater autonomy, independence, s elf-esteem,
dignity, safety, improved self-care and, therefore, enjoy a
higher quality of life.
This prototype model features some of the techniques
like remote control of the toilet by speech recognition in
addition to manual control (handheld unit), Fall detection
system to generate alarms if the user falls off the toilet and
cannot getup again. In this paper, we also proposed the lift
model controlled by voice and sensor control panel [7]. The
model is constructed by using controller with voice
recognition capability, programmable terminal and logical
lift program, which connect them all. This system is helpful
especially for disabled people.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES WITH AMBIENT
INTELLIGENCE FOR ELDERLY AND
DISABLED USERS
Location Technology
Location technology has first and foremost been used in
globally, long-distance contexts like GPS-based GIS for
observation and control of natural resources, surveying,
military use, road finding and other geographically oriented
applications. GPS-based applications can only be used
outdoor, because of the satellite based location technique,
and give a precision of about 1 meter. Many disabled and
elderly users need to be precisely located for safety reasons.
Therefore, location technology for Ambient Intelligence is
mostly oriented to indoor use and with a much higher
precision [3]. This also opens up for completely new
application areas in education, entertainment, healthcare,
and other indoor activities, based in new concepts such as
tangible [4] and ubiquitous and context aware [5]
computing.
Emergency Calls/Alarm Systems
Alarm systems played a very important role in smart home
applications. However, the systems, existing so far, are
very often too complicated or not reliable enough.
Frequently the bottleneck lies in the triggering of the alarm.
Speech
Recognition
System
Electronic
Lock
Door
Command Input
over Voice
Microcontroller
Remote Transceiver
control
Stepper
Motor
Window/curtain
Smart Home Testbed for Disabled People 107
If the user has an accident (fall, injury, a fire, unconsciousness…),
there is normally no time or possibility to operate
a telephone or even an alarm button on her/his wrist or
around her/his neck. Although many useful alarm systems
and several research projects exist, there is still a large
knowledge gap on how persons react in a dramatic
situation, for instance, being in panic or having a collapse
or simply because they are in confusion or have memory
problems (not remembering that they wear an alarm
button). The best solution for this case is probably passive
alarms. Passive means a remote control based on polling
methods. For example, vital functions (pulse, blood
pressure, etc.) are read out in short time intervals using a
wrist transmitter with a probe. The information is sent to an
evaluation system, which automatically sends an alarm
signal to the emergency service station, in case of strong
deviations of standard values. It is important to state that
this type of remote monitoring has also many ethical
questions [6]. For this reason, it can be only acceptable for
specific cases in special conditions and it should be avoided
as a general solution.
Wearable Computers and Smart Clothes
Very small computers, which can be embedded in clothing
or carried in some other unobtrusive way, are essential to
the development of a flexible smart home infrastructure.
Carrying, somehow, a small, personalized device that can
communicate with the network infrastructure (home, office,
global…) can be very helpful to tailor the environment to
user preferences, and to help the user whenever this is
required. As an example, passive alarm systems (as
mentioned before) that fire when some set of biomedical
parameters are out of range and call a support center if
necessary are just a very simple example of a wearable
computer. It is clear that this area will greatly develop in
the near future as small more personalized devices
substitute current generation mobile phones, PDAs and
remote controllers. The possibilities that these types of
devices have for helping disabled and older users.
CONCLUSION
The degree of confidence in Smart Home technologies is
inadequate largely because lack of awareness and
understanding of its value. An integrated communications
infrastructure is the essential foundation in the efficient use
of Smart Home Systems. The housing developers should
incorporate affordable smart home features in their
developments. Smart home system designers and
manufacturers need to design system, which are cost
effective, reliable, flexible and adaptable using sustainable
technologies, open architecture and standards.
REFERENCES
[1] Kayama, K., Yairi, I.E. and Igi, S. “Semi-Autonomous
Outdoor Mobility Support System for Elderly and Disabled
People”, International Conference on Intelligent Robots and
Systems, 2003, pp. 2606–2611.
[2] Pingali, G. and Jain, R., “Electronic Chronicles:Empowering
Individuals, Groups, and Organisations”, IEEE International
Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2005, pp. 1540–1544.
[3] Hightower, J. and Borriello, G. “Location Systems for
Ubiquitous Computing,” IEEE Location Aware Computing,
Aug. 2001.
[4] Ullmer, B. and Ishii, H., “Emerging frameworks for tangible
user interfaces”, IBM systems journal, Volume 39, Numbers
3 & 4, 2000.
[5] Want, R. and Weiser, M., “Activating everyday objects”.
Xerox PARC, Elizabeth Mynatt College of Computing,
http://sandbox.xerox.com/want/papers/ aeo-nist -jul98.pdf
[6] Abascal, J., “Ethical and social issues of the ‘teleservices’
for disabled and elderly people” in Berleur, J. and
Whitehouse, D. (Eds.) “The Ethical Global Information
Society. Culture and democracy revisited”. Chapman and
Hall, 1997.
[7] Intelligent control of the lift model Cernys, P., Kubilius, V.,
Macerauskas, V., Ratkevicius, K. Intelligent Data
Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology
and Applications, 2003. Proceedings of the Second IEEE
International Workshop on Volume, Issue, 8–10, Sept. 2003.

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4g Mobile Comunication

 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

                               (4G MOBILE COMMUNICATION)

     

ABSTRACT:

Today, mobile communications play a central role in the voice/data network arena. With the deployment of mass scale 3G just around the corner, new directions are already being researched. In this paper we address about the 4^TH G mobile communications.

The Fourth Generation (4G) Mobile Communications should not focus only on the data-rate increase and new air interface.4G Mobile should instead con-verge the advanced wireless mobile communications and high-speed wireless access systems into an Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) platform which becomes the core of this emerging next generation mobile technology. Based on this OWA model, 4G mobile will deliver the best business cases to the wireless and mobile industries,i.e.cdma2000/WLAN/GPRS 3-in-1 product, WCDMA/OFDM/WLAN 3-in-1 product, etc. Asia-Pacific is the most dynamic market of new generation mobile communications with over $100 Billion businesses in the next decade.

            The 4G mobile technology -convergence of wireless mobile and wireless access, will definitely drive this growth. Any single-architecture wireless system, including 3G, HSDPA, WiMax, etc., is a transitional solution only, and will be replaced by open wireless architecture system very soon where various different wireless standards can be integrated and converged on this open platform.

               The advent of 4G wireless systems has created many research opportunities. The expectations from 4G are high in terms of data rates, spectral efficiency, mobility and integration. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is proving to be a possible multiple access technology to be used in 4G. But OFDM comes with its own challenges like high Peak to Average Ratio, linearity concerns and phase noise. This paper proposes a solution to reduce Peak to Average Ratio by clipping method.  ATLAB as used to generate the OFDM signal to prove that clipping does reduce Peak to Average Ratio.

INTRODUCTION:

The first operational cellular communication system was deployed in the Norway in 1981 and was followed by similar systems in the US and UK. These first generation systems provided voice transmissions by using frequencies around 900 MHz and analogue            modulation.

The second generation (2G) of the wireless mobile network was based on low-band digital data signaling. The most popular 2G wireless technology is known as Global Systems for Mobile Communications (GSM). The first GSM systems used a 25MHz frequency spectrum in the 900MHz band.

                            Planning for 3G started in the 1980s. Initial plans focused on multimedia applications such as videoconferencing for mobile phones. When it became clear that the real killer application was the Internet, 3G thinking had to evolve. As personal wireless handsets become more common than fixed telephones, it is

clear that personal wireless Internet access will follow and users will want broadband Internet access wherever they go.

                                

2G 3G 4GThe objective of the 3G was to develop a new protocol and new technologies to further enhance the\mobile experience. In contrast, the new 4G framework to be established will try to accomplish new levels of user experience and multi-service capacity by also integrating all the mobile technologies that exist (e.g.

GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications, GPRS - General Packet Radio Service, IMT-2000 - International Mobile Communications, Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity, Bluetooth).In spite of different approaches, each resulting from different visions of the future platform currently under investigation, the main objectives of 4G networks can be stated in the following properties:

• Ubiquity;

• Multi-service platfobout original, current and (if possible) future cells. Moreover it must deal with authentication issues and QoS assurances. Handoff management primary objective is to maintain the communications while the terminal crosses wireless network boundaries. In addition, 4G networks, in opposition to the other mobile generations, must deal with vertical and horizontal handoffs, i.e., a 4G mobile client may move between different types of wireless networks (e.g. GSM and Wi-Fi) and between cells of the same wireless network (e.g. moving between adjacent GSM cells). Furthermore, many of the

Services available in this new mobile generation like videoconference have restrict time constraints and QoS needs that must not be perceptible affected by handoffs. To avoid these problems new algorithms must be researched and a prevision of user mobility will be necessary, so as to avoid broadcasting at the same time to all adjacent antennas what would waste unnecessary resources. Another major problem relates to security, since 4G pretends to join many different types of mobile technologies. As each standard has its own security scheme, the key to 4G systems is to be highly flexible.

Services also pose many questions as 4G users may have different operators to different services and, even if they have the same operator, they can access data using different network technologies. Actual billing using flat rates, time or cost per bit fares, may not be suitable to the new range of services. At the same time it is necessary that the bill is well understood by operator and client. A broker system would be advisable to facilitate the interaction between the user and the different service providers.

Another challenge is to know, at each time, where the user is and how he can be contacted. This is very important to mobility management. A user must be able to be reached wherever he is, no matter the kind of terminal that is being used. This can be achieved in various ways one of the most popular being the use of a mobile-agent infrastructure. In this framework, each user has a unique identifier served by personal mobile agents that make the link from users to Internet.

 Multi-technology Approach:

·         Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

         

·         Open wire less Architecture(OWA)

         

·         Multiple-input multiple-output ( MIMO )

GENERIC MIMO AND OFDM:

Increasing demand for high performance 4G broadband wireless mobile calls for

use of multiple antennas at both base station and subscriber ends. Multiple

antenna technologies enable high capacities suited for Internet and multimedia services and also dramatically increase range and reliability. This design is motivated by the growing demand for broadband wireless Internet access. The challenge for wireless broadband access lies in providing a comparable quality of service for similar cost as competing wire line technologies. The target frequency band for this system is 2 to 5 GHz due to favorable propagation characteristics and low radio-frequency (RF) equipment cost. The broadband channel is typically non LOS channel and includes impairments such as time selective fading and frequency-selective fading. Multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver provide diversity in a fading environment. By employing multiple antennas, multiple spatial channels are created and it is unlikely all the channels will fade simultaneously.

OFDM is chosen over a single carrier solution due to lower complexity of equalizers for high delay spread channels or high data rates. A broadband signal is broken down into multiple narrowband carriers (tones), where each carrier is more robust to multipath. In order to maintain orthogonality amongst tones, a cyclic prefix is added which has length greater than the expected delay spread. With proper coding and interleaving across frequencies, multipath turns into an OFDM system advantage by yielding frequency diversity. OFDM can be implemented efficiently by using FFT's at the transmitter and receiver  .At the receiver, FFT reduces the channel response into a multiplicative constant on a tone-by-tone basis .With MIMO, the channel response becomes a matrix. Since each tone can be equalized independently, the complexity of space time equalizers is avoided.

 Multipath remains an advantage for a MIMO-OFDM system since frequency selectivity caused by multipath improves the rank distribution of the channel matrices across frequency tones, thereby increasing capacity

OPENWIRELESSARCHITECTURE                 

The 4G Mobile communications will be based on the Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)to ensure the  single terminal can seamlessly and automatically connect to the local high-speed wireless access systems when the users are in the offices, homes, airports or shopping centers where the wireless access networks (i.e. Wireless LAN, Broadband Wireless Access, Wireless Local Loop, HomeRF,  Wireless ATM, etc) are available. When the users move to the mobile zone  (i.e. Highway, Beach, Remote area, etc.),the same terminal can automatically switch to the wireless mobile networks (i.e.GPRS,W-CDMA,cdma2000, TD-SCDMA, etc.).This converged wireless communications can provide the following advantages.

_

Greatly increase the spectrum efficiency Mostly ensure the highest data-rate to the wire-

less terminal Best share the network resources and channel utilization Optimally manage the service quality and multimedia applications Figure 1 shows the wireless evolution to 4G mo bile communications based on OWA platform, where 3G,Wireless LAN and other wireless access technologies will be converged into 4G mobile platform to deliver the best infrastructure of mobile communications with optimal spectrum efficiency and resource management. In fact, this OWA model had already been accepted by most wireless industries, for example, the W-CDMA/W-LAN/Bluetooth 3-in-1 terminal is being designed in many companies. The global 4G Mobile R&D focuses on the following Open Wireless Architecture:

  GOAL:

                  The goal of 4th Generation (4G) mobile communications technologies is to realize wireless communications at the same high data rate as is made possible through use of the fiber-optic transmission systems that are available today. Realization of 4G mobile communications is foreseen in the early 2010s, but various precursor technologies and services have been appearing as of late. A scrutiny on the market trends, along with a close watch on carrier reaction as to the introduction of the Mobile Number Portability (MNP) system planned for October 24, 2006, is of vital importance at this time for all those interested in this business field.

Conclusion:

                                 In this paper we present the evolution of mobile communications through all its generations. From the initial speech vocation to an IP-based data network, several steps were made. From the analog voice centric first generation to the digital second generation, the goal was to enhance the voice experience of a user, by improving the quality of the communication while using more efficiently the installed capacity. At the same time the enhanced mobility provided by seamless handover and the additional data communications capacity (although very small) advanced and opened the doors to future  developments Some of the developments was brought by generation 2.5 namely by GPRS, which improved data communications by supporting IP in the GSM infrastructure. With the third generation the goal changed from voice-centric to data-centric. Moreover total obility became an objective to pursuit. In this generation it is possible to combine voice, lnter media applications and mobility in a never experienced manner. However, the global mobility, while an important objective, was never really reached. At the same time new applications demand more bandwidth and lower costs. The newcomer fourth-generation tries to address this problem by integrating all different wireless technologies. In spite of all the evolving technologies the final success of new mobile generations will be dictated by the new services and contents made available to users. These new applications must meet user expectations, and give added value over existing offers.

           

 References

    [1] “Mobile cellular, subscribers per 100 people”, International Telecommunication Union Statistics, 2002

    http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/at_glance/cellular02.pdf

[2] Kim, Y., Jeong, B.J., Chung, J., Hwang, C., Ryu, J.S., Kim, K., Kim, Y.K., “Beyond 3G: Vision, Requirements, and

Enabling Technologies”, IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2003, pp. 120-124

[3] ITU-R PDNR WP8F, “Vision, Framework and Overall Objectives of the Future Development of IMT-2000 and

Systems beyond IMT-2000,” 2002.

[4] “2G – 3G Cellular Wireless data transport terminology”, Arc Electronics

www.arcelect.com/2G-3G_Cellular_Wireless.htm

[5] Schiller, J., “Mobile Communications”, slides

http://www.jochenschiller.de/

[6] Tachikawa, Keiji, “A perspective on the Evolution of Mobile Communications”, IEEE Communications Magazine,

October 2003, pp. 66-73

[7] Hui, Suk Yu, and Yeung, Kai Hau, “Challenges in the Migration to 4G Mobile Systems”, IEEE Communications

Magazine, December 2003, pp. 54-59eamless handover and the additional data communications

Apply for microsoft student partner 2011-2012

Chance to Become Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP )

I am a Engineering student from India & its my dream to become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ). Because when i saw them i.e. MSPs Conducting various events related to Microsoft Products,their knowledge,Position,etc i got exicted !! But most of us do not know How to Become a Microsoft Student Partner MSP ? So here is golden oppurtunity for Students to become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ). You can apply for the MSP Program 2011-2012.  

How to Become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ) 

Most of the my friends ask me about How to Become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ), or generally there is a discussion about this great Program by microsoft. So you can become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ) 2011-2012. Just Check out the below -  

MSP Program India

 

Program Overview-- The Microsoft Student Partner Program recognizes top young minds from around the world that are passionate about technology. It's a once in a lifetime opportunity to develop real-world skills to help you succeed in your future career, to help others learn about the technology of today and tomorrow, and to connect with other like-minded students, all whilst having a ton of fun along the way. The program is our way of encouraging students who are interested in building a closer relationship with Microsoft, and those who are simply hooked on technology, to develop their skills further.

What is a Microsoft Student Partner?The ‘ideal candidate’ would be a passionate and enthusiast individual who wants to learn about new tools and technologies. You would need to have a whole range of skills including excellent time management, organization and communication skills to ensure that you could host successful campus events. An MSP should be comfortable and confident presenting in front of large audiences of both students and faculty members. General business and marketing skills come in very handy in order to allow you to articulate your ideas effectively when presenting. MSP's are social, friendly and approachable individuals who like to meet new people. You will require the ability work as a team as well as use your own initiative. In summary, MSP's are innovative and creative students who are extremely passionate about technology.

How to apply? Applications for the 2011-2012 Academic Year will be accepted from April 2011 onwards. To apply for the MSP India program, please refer to the selection criteria below.

Contact Us For all questions regarding the MSP India program, please email newmsp@microsoft.com.

MSP India Program

2011-2012 Academic Year Selection Process

The selection process consists of multiple rounds that will begin in April 2011.

EligibilityTo consider applying for the MSP Program, you must be:

• Over 17 years of age. 
• Studying a full-time course at an officially recognized University/College in India.
• Bachelor's/Master's Degree student who will complete the course during or after May 2012.

Competencies A good MSP is one who has the following basic qualities:

• Technical competencies
• Passionate about software
• Quick learner
• Respected by peers

Community-building competencies

• Enthusiastic about technology
• High level of social activity, both online & offline
• Can organize college and city-level events

Fundamental competencies

• Passionate about Microsoft
• Confident & outgoing
• Good rapport with faculty
• Willing to share knowledge & eager to uplift self and peers

ResponsibilitiesYour short term goals will include:

• Conduct at least 1 technical session per month in a Student Tech Club.
• Participate and drive entries for Imagine Cup
• Maintain a technology-related blog

Your long term goals will include:

• Promote and build your city-level Microsoft Student User Group
• Organize city-level events like Academic Developers’ Conference (DevCon)
• Deploy &/or maintain Live@Edu for your college
• Mentor other MSPs

BenefitsAs an MSP, a host of benefits are available:

• Welcome letter
• Exclusive MSP events conducted by Microsoft
• MSDN subscription after completion of probation period
• Rewards & Recognition for top performers
• Networking opportunities
• Technical training & resources
• Specific Microsoft events
• Interactions with MVPs & Microsoft Employees
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US residents can fill out the application forms here and here as required. More at TechNet. UK residents may want to visit this website. Students from India may go here.

[Chance to Become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ),How to Become a Microsoft Student Partner ( MSP ) ]

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vshoaib

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ROBOTICS

ABSTRACT:-
The aim of our paper is to bring the developments of robotics in the field of bomb diffuse robots...

so we consider,The Army’s remote-controlled, bomb-finding robots aren’t finding enough bombs in Afghanistan. So the military is toying with a new notion: Let the robot drive itself; and make it bigger, like the size of a golf cart.

In a recent solicitation for small businesses, the Army expresses interest in a remote-controlled vehicle that’s bigger than most robots but (way) smaller than its fleet of tactical vehicles. Really, it’s a software system outfitted with sensors for detecting a variety of bombs — “pressure activated devices and command detonated explosive devices” alike — that can turn an existing “mid-sized” vehicle into a self-driving or remotely-controlled car. The so-called “Intelligent Behavior Engine” has to support “skid steer hydraulic arm attachments” — Doctor Octopus-like robot arms, to defuse the bombs it finds. And it’s got to weigh between 500 and 3000 pounds (the size of a golf cart, Smart car, or John Deere Gator), making it hypothetically “capable of traversing long distances on narrow, rugged paths.”

It was just two months ago that the Army announced it would buy dozens of radar add-ones for armored Husky vehicles to spot and stop improvised explosive devices, a $106.5 million push. But the solicitation says the bulky Husky isn’t right for Afghanistan, since it “cannot traverse the rugged terrain and narrow paths” that pass for the country’s bomb-infested roads.

That exact same concern led the Army to put out a call last month for new bomb-detecting robots that can traverse “rough terrain, 45 degree hills, rocks, holes, culverts and other obstacles.” Only there, the Army wanted to move in the opposite direction, shrinking robots down from several hundred pounds, not bulking them up to car-like sizes and marching them for up to 30 miles at a time. Still, in a vote of no-confidence in the robot fleet, the solicitation laments that “currently fielded technologies have limited utility for defeat of IEDs on narrow unimproved routes during deep insertions into rugged terrain.”

Ideally, the Intelligent Behavior Engine will have “off-board, ‘back-seat driving’ capabilities” — controls that let troops on patrol operate the car remotely, using it for “scanning, digging and emplacing explosive charges” when it senses a bomb nearby. The Army doesn’t have either a software or a vehicle design in mind, but it says that it’ll favor “intelligent, adaptive software behaviors that provide standoff operation in terms of navigation, detection and neutralization.” In other words, when the car finds an improvised explosive device, it should know how to safely avoid, defuse or detonate it.

Much like the earlier robot solicitation, the bomb-stopping robot car is a dream for now. The Army isn’t releasing money for it right now, opting to first see what industry can dream up. Solicitations are due December 13. But the Army’s judgment about the usefulness of the current robot fleet is already clear to see. What will the incoming director of the Pentagon’s bomb squad think of a sure-to-be-expensive push for new robots?

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION

 We cannot imagine the world without electric power.Generally the power is transmitted through wires. This paper describes an original idea to eradicate the hazardous usage of electrical wires which involve lot of confusion in particularly organizing them.

Imagine a future in which wireless power transfer is feasible: cell phones, household robots, mp3 players, laptop computers and other portable electronics capable of charging themselves without ever being plugged in, freeing us from that final, ubiquitous power wire. Some of these devices might not even need their bulky batteries to operate.

This paper includes the techniques of transmitting power without using wires with an efficiency of about 95% with non-radiative methods.Due to which it does not effect the environment surrounding.These techniques includes resonating inductive coupling in sustainable moderate range.
The coupling consists of an inductor along with a capacitor with its own resonating frequency. In any system of coupled resonators there often exists a so-called “strongly coupled” regime of operation. If one ensures to operate in that regime in a given system, the energy transfer can be very efficient

Another technique includes transfer of power through microwaves using rectennas.This is particularly suitable for long range distances ranging kilometers.With this we can avoid the confusion and danger of having long,hazardous and tangled wiring.

This paper as a whole gives an effective, high performance techniques which can efficiently transmit the power to the required area varying in distances and input.